Aeroplane



Oct. 12, 1937. J. HoJNowsKl 2,095,440

AEROPLANE vFiled Jan. 18, 1936 s sheets-sheet 1 Oct. l2, 1937. J. HoJNowsKl4 AEROPLANE Filed Jah. 18, 1936 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 oct. 12, 1937. q. HoJ-Nowsm AEROPLANE 4Filed Jan. 18, 1956 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 l40 away to show the cable drum associated with the 45 Figure 4 is -a fragmentary. lngltudinal Sec' a. series ofc'ables 25 attached at one end tothe 45 Poionioi ooi.i1z,193 7 2,095,440 l' UNITED STATES PATENT oFFicE AEROPLANE Jakob Hojnowski,` Nekoos'a, Wis. Application January 1a, 193s, sonni No. 59,743 z claims. (ci. 244-118) This invention relates to certain new and use- Figure is a fragmentary perspective view of ful improvements in aeroplanes. another form of aeroplane wherein the tail por- An object of the invention is to provide an. tion of the fuselage is hinged to the main body aeroplane wherein the fuselage is longitudinally portion for movement on its Ahinge mounting to 55' divided into an upper passenger compartment permit freeaccess to the loading end of the 5 and a lower freight carrying compartment that freight compartment and further showing operterminates. in spaced relation to the rear end of ating meansfor ailerons on the wings; the fuselagewith closure gates for the rear end Figure 8 is a top plan VieW 0f the Operating of the freight. compartment. mechanism for the ailerons; 1 l A further object of the invention is 'to provide Figure 9 is a. fragmentary longitudinal Sectional 10 an aeroplane of the foregoing character that View. Showing the shiftable weighted'element for carries a cable suspended car that may be low- '0De1ating the ailerons;

ered while the aoropiane is in night for the-dis- Figure 10 is a Cross-sectional view taken on charge of merchandise, mail or the like. line lil-l0 0f Figure 9: and t y 16 It is a vfurther object of the invention to pro- Figure 11' is a fragmentary 'perspective View y .vide anaeroplane with a compartment therein Showing a hinged tail DOiiOn 0n e, fuselage to for freight, such as autoiiiobiles, tanks and the swing laterally thm'efflike with 'anotan portion ofthe fuselage hinged Referring more in detail t0 'the accompanying to the mam body portion at a point adjacent the drawings, and particularly to Figures 1 to 4, the rem. end of the freight carrying Section with referenceicharacter I5 designates the fuselage of 20 the tail portion adaptedto be moved on its hinge an aeroplane equipped with Wings l5 a plurality mounting to permit free access to the rear end. of'inotor driven propellers I1, a rudder I8 and an of the freight carrying c,ommrtment. I elevator I9. The fuselage I 5 is longitudinally diwith the above and other objects in View' that vided to provide an upper passenger compart- I 5 wm become ment 20 and a lower freight compartment 2l, the 2 ventin is be'a'lmeole umcf lsiisnts latter terminating in spaced relation to the rear in the novel form.' combinatin and arrangement end of the fuselage to facilitate Yloading of freight of parts hereinafter more fully described, shown feofeaonp, al bment as clearly Illustrated in intlhfhgcfglglgng drawings and. claimed 1 'I'he loading opening at the rear end of the 30 t V freight compartment 2|, as shown in Figures 3 lFlgure 1 is a' side elevational View of an aero' and 4 is closed by a series of superposed doors 22 p ane constructed in accordance with the present hinge-1y supported at their outer Vertical edges invention and Showing an upper passenger com' as at 23 and any number of these doors may be armeni and a lower freight compartment in the opened as desired for the loading of freight into 35 ftilselage with a carriage suspended by cables from the compartment 2| t e fuselage; y

Figure 2 isa fragmentamqtop plan viewlof the A car 24 is suspended from the upper passenger compartment 20 of the' aeroplane adjacent the aeroplane shown in Figure 1 and partly broken tear end of the .freight compartment 2| so that i l a person mayenter the car from the freight comca'glie .suslended car y partment and. said car being cable suspended is I glue ls a' crosssetloml View Showing the adapted to be lowered for the discharge of light hinged gate @05mg the Tem end Ofiqheofreghi freight, mail or' the iikoaduring night of the v compartment and the cable drums for the car; aeroplane. The support for the car 24 includes tional view showing the operating means fel' the car and having the other ends wound on drums Cable by Which the Cal' is Suspended? 26 carried by a shaft 21 that is' journalled in Figure 5' iS a fragmentary DerSDeeilil/e View bracket bearings 28 on the floor 29 of the passhowing a center rear extension 0n the Wing 0f senger compartment, the shaft 21 being rotated the aeI'ODlane, constituting fil-loading Pleilf/Orln fOl- 'for the operation of the drums 26 by means of 50 the freight COnDaI'inient; I the worm gear mechanism 21a which is manually Figure 6 is afragmentary lo f gitudinalsectional operated by the crank 30. To stabilize the car view of the aeroplane shown in Figure 5 and il- 24 when it is lowered from the aeroplane, a lustrating a. sliding doorfor closing the rear end cable 43| is attached as at 32, as shown in Figure ff' i of the freight compartment; Y, `1 of the drawings tothe forward edge of the carriage 24, the cable 3| extending forwardly beneath the fuselage I5, passing overthe guide roller 33 adjacent the forward end thereof and then directed rearwardly and up into the passenger compartment 20 for winding on the drum 34 on the shaft 21. The cable 3| prevents rearward swinging'of the car 24 and acts to stabilize the car when the same is lowered from the aeroplane during flight of the latter. When the carriage 24 is in its fully retracted position, the hook 35 at the forward en'd thereof is engaged with a keeper'on the `fuselage vas shown in Figure 1.

In the form of invention shown in Figures 5 and 6, the aeroplane embodies a fuselage l5a having the underside thereof cut away at the rear end. A wing i60. is associatedgwith the fuselage and carries a central rearwardly,r projecting loading platform 36 rearwardly of the open rear end of the fuselage Iba. The extreme rear end of the platform 36 is supported and braced by uprights 31 extending between the platform and overhanging portion of the' fuselage. The rear open end of the fuselage iEa. is adapted to be closed by a sliding door 38 working in arcuate guides 39. The sliding door 33 is movable in the arcuate guide to control' access to the fuselage 15a.

As shown in Figures '1.to 10, thefuselage 15b. of the aeroplane is equipped with side wings led. The rear end 40 of the fuselage is hinged as at 4.1i to the main body portion of the fuselage at the upper edge thereof, the underside of the hinged rear end lll) being cut away as illustrated to provide a clearance for the open rear end of the body portionr lb to facilitate loading thereof with freight and the like. The rear hinged end 40 is `adapted to be swung in an upward direction by means of thec cable 42 and said rear end section 40 is adapted to be maintained in'alignment with the main body portion |51) by the struts or bars 43 that are detachably engaged as at 44 with the main body portion of the fuselage,

The wings lb are equipped with automatically operating ailerons l5 and 46 to bring the aeroplane out of side tilting movement. ing means for the ailerons 45 and 46 includes a weighted member or tank 41 that maybe used for the storage of gasolene, the tank 41being mounted in the wing l6b beneathD the hinged cover section 48. A holder 49 supportsthe tank 41 and is mounted upon guide rollers 50 carried by channel track rails 5l that extend longitudinally of the wing Ibi The connections between the I holder 49 and the ailerons include a pair of reversely positioned bell crank levers 52, one end of veach ybell cranklever having a link rod connection 53 with the adjacent end of the holder 49, while the other legof each bell crank lever has The operat.-

a link rod connection 54 with an arm 55 extending from a shaft 56 that supports the adjacent aileron. It will be understood from an inspection of Figures '1 and 8that by sliding movement of the tank 41 in a' direction transverselyof the fuselage 15d and longitudinally of the wing |61), the bell crank levers 52 will be operated and in View of the reverse positioning thereof, the ailerons 45 and 45 will be moved to the position shown in Figure 7 and vice .versa for bringing the aeroplane to an even keel during flight. 'Ilhe struts or brace bars 43 are disengaged at their forward ends from the main body portion of the fuselage |513 and the rear end 40 of the fuselage is raised on its hinge mounting 4l by means of the cable 42 so that the rear open end of the fuselage is unobstructed for the loading of freight or the like.

As shown in Figure 1l, the fuselage i150 has the rear end 51 thereof connected thereto in a manner to swing laterally of the rear open end of the fuselage l5c to facilitate loading of the same.

From .the above detailed description of the invention, it is believed that the construction and operation thereof will at once be apparent and while there are herein shown and described the preferred embodiments of the invention, it is nevertheless to be understood that minor changes may be made therein Without departing from the spirit vand scope of the invention as claimed.

1. In an aeroplane of the character described,

- a fuselage having a compartment therein for freight, mailand the like, the fuselage being of reduced cross-sectional area at the rear end and forming an undercut portion on the bottom thereof, the rear end of the compartment hav--` ing an ventrance opening at the forward end of the undercut portion, a wing carried by the fuselage in the 'plane of the lower side thereof,

a/central rear extension on the wing rearwardly df theeentrance opening constituting a loading platform and struts ,between the wing extension and reduced rear end ofthe fuselage.

2. In an aeroplane of the character described,

,la fuselage having a compartment therein for freight, mail, and the like, the rear end of the compartment having a door closed entrance opening therein, a wing carried by the fuselage in the plane of the'lower side thereof, a central rea'r extension on th`e wing rearwardly of the entrance opening and disposed below they rear portion of the fuselage and constituting a loading platform, and brace struts between the ,rear end of therextenslon and the overlying portion of the fuselage.

JAKOB HOJNCWBKI.l 

